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Cost-Effective Interventions
Interventions are actions taken by or for individuals to reduce the risk, duration, or severity of adverse health conditions. Interventions may be population-based or personal.
DCP2 and GBD present what we know about which health interventions work for a comprehensive range of diseases, injuries, and disabilities in many different contexts. A large share of the disease burden in low- and middle-income countries is attributable to diseases and conditions for which cost-effective interventions are already known and feasible. Selecting the right intervention for a given disease and context matters a great deal. The tools on this page are designed to aid the task.
DCP2 and GBD demonstrate how decision makers could use cost-effectiveness information in combination with information on disease prevalence and avertable illness to determine which interventions should be extended and which ones should be questioned. If developing countries scale up interventions and extend health care services that are cost-effective, the impact on the disease burden could be substantial.
Select Criteria
Download Results (CSV) | Download Full Data Set (XLS)
| Condition | Intervention | Intervention type | Intervention description | Intervention setting | Objective | Target population | Cost effectiveness (US$/DALY) | Cost effectiveness estimate (US$) | Cost effectiveness range (US$/DALY) | Number of DALYs averted (hundreds) | Number of deaths averted (hundreds) | Quality of cost-effectiveness analysis evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | A-1 antitrypsin augmentation therapy | Personal | Intravenous treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease related to severe deficiency; ranges with age and efficacy | Clinic, Local or district hospital | palliation | Adults, Women of childbearing age, Adolescents and adults, Mothers and infants | - | 14,400-215,000 per QALY (High-income countries) | - | - | - | 1 |
| Pollution-related illness | Control of toxins related to industrial sector | Population | Interventions include arsenic emissions standards at copper smelters and asbestos ban for brake linings | Policy level | instrument of policy | All ages, Adults, Infants or children, Women of childbearing age, Pregnant women, Adolescents and adults, Mothers and infants | - | less than 45,600 per LYS (USA) | - | - | - | - |
| Pollution-related illness | Control of toxins related to agriculture and forestry | Population | Interventions include targeted pesticide bans and emissions standards at processing facilities | Policy level | instrument of policy | All ages, Adults, Infants or children, Women of childbearing age, Pregnant women, Adolescents and adults, Mothers and infants | - | less than 0 per LYS (USA) | - | - | - | 1 |
| Pollution-related illness | Control of toxins related to energy industry | Population | Interventions include coal-fired power plant emissions controls, gasoline lead reduction, and desulphuring residual fuel oil | Policy level | instrument of policy | All ages, Adults, Infants or children, Women of childbearing age, Pregnant women, Adolescents and adults, Mothers and infants | - | less than 0 per LYS (USA) | - | - | - | 1 |
| Pollution-related illness | Control of toxins related to residential sector | Population | Interventions include radon remediation and sedimentation, filtration, and chlorination of drinking water | Policy level | instrument of policy | All ages, Adults, Infants or children, Women of childbearing age, Pregnant women, Adolescents and adults, Mothers and infants | - | 5320-7730 per LYS (USA) | - | - | - | 1 |
| Indoor air pollution-related illness | Improved stove | Population | Replacement of traditional open stoves with enclosed stoves that are more efficient and/or have flues for ventilation | Policy level | instrument of policy | All ages, Adults, Infants or children, Women of childbearing age, Pregnant women, Adolescents and adults, Mothers and infants | - | 306-605 per healthy year (EAP); 975-1134 per healthy year (LAC); 379-471 per healthy year (MNA): 13-15 per healthy year (SAR); 21-26 per healthy year (SSA) | - | - | - | 5 |
| Indoor air pollution-related illness | Improved stove with kerosene or LPG | Population | Replacement of traditional open stoves with enclosed stoves that use kerosene or LPG | Policy level | instrument of policy | All ages, Adults, Infants or children, Women of childbearing age, Pregnant women, Adolescents and adults, Mothers and infants | - | 26-85 per healthy year (EAP); 522-1416 per healthy year (ECA); 305-784 per healthy year (LAC); 227-624 per healthy year (MNA): 27-182 per healthy year (SAR); 46-304 per healthy year (SSA) | - | - | - | 5 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Inhaled medication | Personal | Inhaled ipratroprium bromide or corticosteroid such as fluticasone propionate | Clinic, Local or district hospital | palliation | Adults, Women of childbearing age, Adolescents and adults | - | 7800-13,400 per QALY (High-income countries) | - | - | - | 1 |
| Indoor air pollution-related illness | Kerosene | Population | Substitution of wood, dung, and crop residues with kerosene for cooking and heating | Policy level | instrument of policy | All ages, Adults, Infants or children, Women of childbearing age, Pregnant women, Adolescents and adults, Mothers and infants | - | 12-232 per healthy year (EAP); 172-188 per healthy year (ECA); 109-650 per healthy year (LAC); 98 per healthy year (MNA): 37-65 per healthy year (SAR); 62-87 per healthy year (SSA) | - | - | - | 5 |
| Osteoarthritis | Lifestyle change | Personal | Exercise (aquatic) and calcium supplements | Clinic | primary prevention, secondary prevention | Adults | - | 96,119-498,700 per QALY (Highincome countries) | - | - | - | 1 |
| Indoor air pollution-related illness | Liquefied petroleum gas | Population | Substitution of wood, dung, and crop residues with liquefied petroleum gas for cooking and heating | Policy level | instrument of policy | All ages, Adults, Infants or children, Women of childbearing age, Pregnant women, Adolescents and adults, Mothers and infants | - | 103-1746 per healthy year (EAP); 1258-1361 per healthy year (ECA); 806-1447 per healthy year (LAC); 779-785 per healthy year (MNA); 321-558 per healthy year (SA); 534-736 per healthy year (SSA) | - | - | - | 5 |
| Osteoarthritis | Replacement surgery | Personal | Synovial fluid replacement (hylan G-F 20) for patients with osteoarthritis of the knee; or complete hip joint or knee replacement with implant | Clinic, Local or district hospital | secondary prevention | Adults | 5233-6893 per QALY (High income countries) | Elderly men and women | - | - | - | - |
