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Cost-Effective Interventions
Interventions are actions taken by or for individuals to reduce the risk, duration, or severity of adverse health conditions. Interventions may be population-based or personal.
DCP2 and GBD present what we know about which health interventions work for a comprehensive range of diseases, injuries, and disabilities in many different contexts. A large share of the disease burden in low- and middle-income countries is attributable to diseases and conditions for which cost-effective interventions are already known and feasible. Selecting the right intervention for a given disease and context matters a great deal. The tools on this page are designed to aid the task.
DCP2 and GBD demonstrate how decision makers could use cost-effectiveness information in combination with information on disease prevalence and avertable illness to determine which interventions should be extended and which ones should be questioned. If developing countries scale up interventions and extend health care services that are cost-effective, the impact on the disease burden could be substantial.
Select Criteria
Download Results (CSV) | Download Full Data Set (XLS)
| Condition | Intervention | Intervention type | Intervention description | Intervention setting | Objective | Target population | Cost effectiveness (US$/DALY) | Cost effectiveness estimate (US$) | Cost effectiveness range (US$/DALY) | Number of DALYs averted (hundreds) | Number of deaths averted (hundreds) | Quality of cost-effectiveness analysis evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tuberculosis (endemic) | BCG vaccine | Population | Live attenuated vaccine, BCG; recommended at birth or at first contact with health services in areas of high incidence | Clinic, Local or district hospital | primary prevention, population-oriented medical intervention | Infants or children, Mothers and infants | 68 | - | 55-82 | -- | -- | 5 |
| Tuberculosis (epidemic, infectious) | Directly observed short-course chemotherapy | Personal | Short-course chemotherapy of infectious TB (allowing for transmission, non-HIV positive) carried out for epidemic TB | Clinic | primary prevention, cure | Adults, Women of childbearing age, Pregnant women, Adolescents and adults | 102 | - | 15-189 | -- | -- | 5 |
| Tuberculosis (endemic, infectious or noninfectious) | Directly observed short-course chemotherapy | Personal | Short-course chemotherapy of infectious or noninfectious tuberculosis (with or without transmission, non-HIV-positive), diagnosed via directly observed treatment strategy | Clinic | primary prevention, cure | Adults, Women of childbearing age, Pregnant women, Adolescents and adults | 301 | - | 84-551 | -- | -- | 5 |
| Tuberculosis (endemic, latent) | Isoniazid treatment | Personal | Isoniazid treatment of latent infection (with or without x-ray exclusion of active cases; nonHIV-infected population) | Local or district hospital | secondary prevention | Adults, Women of childbearing age, Pregnant women, Adolescents and adults | 13,158 | - | 9,450-16,867 | -- | -- | 5 |
| Tuberculosis (epidemic, latent) | Isoniazid treatment | Personal | Isoniazid treatment of latent infection (x-ray exclusion of active cases; non-HIV-positive population) is conducted for epidemic tuberculosis | Local or district hospital | secondary prevention | Adults, Women of childbearing age, Pregnant women, Adolescents and adults | 197 | - | 45-348 | -- | -- | 5 |
| Tuberculosis (endemic) | Management of drug resistance | Personal | Introduction of resistance testing, second-line drugs, longer treatment regimen (12-18 months), and rigorous bacteriological and clinical monitoring; standardized or individualized regimen | Local or district hospital | secondary prevention, cure | Adults, Women of childbearing age, Pregnant women, Adolescents and adults | 318 | - | 208-429 | -- | -- | 5 |
| Tuberculosis (epidemic) | Management of drug resistance | Personal | Management of drug resistance (standard regimen) for epidemic TB conducted via introduction of resistance testing, second-line drugs, longer treatment regimen (12-18 months), and rigorous bacteriological and clinical monitoring | Local or district hospital | secondary prevention, cure | Adults, Women of childbearing age, Pregnant women, Adolescents and adults | 207 | - | 201-212 | -- | -- | 5 |
| Tuberculosis, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, polio, measles | Traditional Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) | Population | Scaling up of EPI; a fixed increment of coverage added for each year 2002-11 to reach 90 percent; coverage increases assumed to result from switching to more effective and intensive implementation strategies rather than additional infrastructure investmen | Community | population-oriented medical intervention | Infants or children, Mothers and infants | 7 | - | -- | -- | -- | 5 |
