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Sub-Saharan Africa

More than 700 million people live in SSA, the region with the world’s highest population growth, infant mortality, and adult mortality rates. SSA is the only region with a lower life expectancy today than in 1980, due largely to the HIV/AIDS pandemic. The region is the world’s most poverty stricken: since 1990, the percentage of people who live on less than $1 a day has increased to nearly 50%.

Some improvements have been achieved: poverty rates have decreased in Ghana, Uganda, and Cameroon; in many countries, primary education enrollment is up, pressuring governments to expand secondary educational systems.

Publications

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Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries (2nd Edition)
  1. 1. Investing in Health
    1. Child Health
    2. Conclusions
    3. Health System Development and Finance
    4. HIV/AIDS
    5. The 20th Century Takeoff in Human Health
    6. The Economic Benefits of Better Health
    7. Why Has Mortality Declined at Such Different Rates in Different Countries?
  2. 2. Intervention Cost–Effectiveness: Overview of Main Messages
    1. Annex 2.C: Summary of other Interventions
    2. Assessing the Evidence on the Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions
  3. 3. Strengthening Health Systems
    1. Acknowledgments
    2. Assessment of Approaches to Strengthen Health System Capacity
    3. Health System Constraints on the Delivery of Public and Personal Health Services
    4. Solutions in Low-Capacity Environments
    5. Targeting Resources
  4. 4. Priorities for Global Research and Development of Interventions
    1. Key Recommendations
    2. Needs, Context, Opportunities, and Major Challenges
    3. Priority Setting
  5. 7. Economic Approaches to Valuing Global Health Research
    1. The Value of Health Research
  6. 8. Improving the Health of Populations: Lessons of Experience
    1. Cases
    2. General Findings
    3. Intervention Type, Programmatic Characteristics, and Policies
    4. Research Methods
  7. 9. Millennium Development Goals for Health: What Will It Take to Accelerate Progress?
    1. Costing and Financing Additional Spending for the MDGs
    2. Scaling Up: Defining Interventions and Removing Constraints
    3. The Millennium Development Goals for Health: Progress and Prospects
    4. What Do Countries Need To Do?
  8. 10. Gender Differentials in Health
    1. Antecedents
    2. Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions
  9. 11. Fiscal Policies for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
    1. Subsidies for Health and Health-Related Products
    2. Taxes and Tax Expenditures: Design and Outcomes
  10. 12. Financing Health Systems in the 21st Century
    1. Health Financing Issues in LICs
    2. Health Financing Systems
  11. 13. Recent Trends and Innovations in Development Assistance for Health
    1. Making Development Assistance for Health More Effective: Lessons Learned
    2. Recent Innovations to Improve the Effectiveness of Development Assistance for Health
    3. Trends and Gaps in Development Assistance for Health
  12. 14. Ethical Issues in Resource Allocation, Research, and New Product Development
    1. Ethics in Research and New Product Development
  13. 15. Cost–Effectiveness Analysis for Priority Setting
    1. Cost-Effectiveness and Population Impact
    2. Determining Costs for Interventions
    3. Estimating Effectiveness in Health
  14. 16. Tuberculosis
    1. Alternative and Complementary Approaches to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Active Disease
    2. Conclusions
    3. Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions against Tuberculosis
    4. Cost-Effectiveness of Managing Tuberculosis Outbreaks
    5. Epidemiological Burden and Trends
    6. Interventions against Tuberculosis
    7. Summary of Cost-Effectiveness Analyses
  15. 17. Sexually Transmitted Infections
    1. Bacterial and Viral STIs and Their Sequelae
    2. Burden of STIs and Benefits of Control
    3. Effectiveness of the Principal Interventions
    4. Intervention Costs and Cost-Effectiveness
    5. Introduction
    6. Scaling Up Control Strategies
  16. 18. HIV/AIDS Prevention and Treatment
    1. Action under Uncertainty
    2. Care and Treatment
    3. Obstacles to HIV Control
    4. Prevention in Theory and Practice: Using Epidemic Profiles and Contextual Factors to Inform Prevention Guidelines
  17. 19. Diarrheal Diseases
    1. Case Management
    2. Preventive Strategies
    3. Public Health Significance of Diarrheal Illnesses
  18. 20. Vaccine–Preventable Diseases
    1. Causes and Epidemiology of Diseases Prevented by Vaccines Used in National Immunization Programs
    2. Conclusions
    3. Cost-Effectiveness of Increasing Immunization Coverage for the Traditional EPI
    4. Costs and Cost-Effectiveness of Adding New Antigens to the Current Immunization Schedule
    5. Costs and Cost-Effectiveness of Existing Vaccination Programs
    6. Estimates of the Current Burden of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and of the Burden Averted by Vaccination
  19. 21. Conquering Malaria
    1. Burden of Disease
    2. Causes, Epidemiology, Manifestations, and Diagnosis
    3. Conclusion
    4. Economics of Malaria Control Interventions
    5. Interventions and Their Effectiveness
    6. Research Priorities
  20. 22. Tropical Diseases Targeted for Elimination: Chagas Disease, Lymphatic Filariasis, Onchocerciasis, and Leprosy
    1. Conclusion
    2. Costs and Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions
    3. Disease Burden
    4. Disease Characteristics and Transmission
    5. Interventions and Their Effectiveness
  21. 23. Tropical Diseases Lacking Adequate Control Measures: Dengue, Leishmaniasis, and African Trypanosomiasis
    1. Costs and Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions
    2. Disease Burden
    3. Disease Characteristics and Transmission
    4. Management and Control Strategies
    5. Problems and Challenges for Disease Control
  22. 24. Helminth Infections: Soil–Transmitted Helminth Infections and Schistosomiasis
    1. Averted, Avertable, and Nonavertable Burden
    2. Burden of the Disease
    3. Causes and Characteristics of Helminth Infections
    4. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Interventions
    5. Economic Benefits of Intervention
    6. Implementation of Control Strategies: Lessons of Experience
    7. Research and Development
  23. 25. Acute Respiratory Infections in Children
    1. Causes of ARIs and the Burden of Disease
    2. Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions
    3. Implementation of ARI Control Strategies: Lessons of Experience
    4. Interventions
  24. 26. Maternal and Perinatal Conditions
    1. Annex 26.A: CEA Model Assumptions
    2. Conclusions
    3. Cost-Effectiveness of Selected Intervention Packages
    4. Epidemiology of Maternal and Perinatal Conditions
    5. Interventions
    6. Lessons for Implementation
  25. 27. Newborn Survival
    1. Conclusions
    2. Implementation
    3. Interventions
    4. Marginal Impact and Cost of Scaling Up Universal Neonatal Packages
    5. Neonatal Deaths
  26. 28. Stunting, Wasting, and Micronutrient Deficiency Disorders
    1. Economic Benefits of Intervention
    2. Intervention Costs and Cost-Effectiveness
    3. Interventions
    4. Nature, Causes, and Burden of Undernutrition
  27. 29. Health Service Interventions for Cancer Control in Developing Countries
    1. Burden of Cancer in Developing Countries
    2. Cost-Effectiveness of Cancer Control Interventions
  28. 31. Mental Disorders
    1. Conclusion: Public Support for a Cost-Effective Intervention Package
    2. Cost-Effectiveness Methods and Results
    3. Policy and Service Implications
  29. 32. Neurological Disorders
    1. Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions in Developing Countries
    2. Epilepsy
    3. Stroke
  30. 33. Cardiovascular Disease
    1. Burden of Disease
    2. Conclusions: Pitfalls and Promises
    3. Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions
    4. Epidemiology of CVD
  31. 34. Inherited Disorders of Hemoglobin
    1. Burden of Disease
    2. Costs and Effectiveness of Diagnosis and Management
    3. Introduction
    4. Options for Control and Management of Inherited Hemoglobin Disorders
  32. 35. Respiratory Diseases of Adults
    1. Acute Diseases: Pneumonia and Influenza
    2. Chronic Respiratory Diseases: Nature, Causes, and Burden
    3. General Approach to Lowering Risk of Adult Respiratory Disease
    4. Occupational Lung Disease and Other Respiratory Diseases
  33. 36. Diseases of the Kidney and the Urinary System
    1. Causes of Diseases of the Kidney and Urinary System
    2. Conclusions: Promises and Pitfalls
    3. Implementation of Control Strategies: Lessons of Experience
    4. Research and Development Agenda
  34. 37. Skin Diseases
    1. Current Status of Community Control Measures in Dermatology
    2. Patterns of Skin Diseases at the Community Level
    3. Prevalence of Skin Diseases
    4. Skin Diseases
  35. 38. Oral and Craniofacial Diseases and Disorders
    1. Aspects of Treatment of Cavities and of Caries Disease
    2. Dental Caries
    3. Fluorosis of Teeth
    4. Noma (Cancrum Oris)
    5. Oral Manifestations of HIV/AIDS
  36. 39. Unintentional Injuries
    1. Burden and Causes of Unintentional Injuries
    2. Costs, Cost-Effectiveness, and Economic Benefits of Intervention
    3. Interventions
  37. 40. Interpersonal Violence
    1. Conclusions: Promises and Pitfalls
    2. Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions
    3. Economic Impact of Violence
    4. Implementation of Prevention Strategies
    5. Interventions
    6. The Nature, Burden, and Causes of Interpersonal Violence
  38. 41. Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene Promotion
    1. Effect on Burden of Disease
    2. Excreta Disposal
    3. Hygiene Promotion
    4. Water Supply
  39. 42. Indoor Air Pollution
    1. Conclusions
    2. Implementation of Control Strategies: Lessons from Experience
    3. Intervention Costs and Effectiveness
    4. Nature, Causes, and Burden of Condition
  40. 44. Prevention of Chronic Disease by Means of Diet and Lifestyle Changes
    1. Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions
    2. Interventions
  41. 45. The Growing Burden of Risk from High Blood Pressure, Cholesterol, and Bodyweight
    1. Burden of the Disease, Condition, or Risk Factor
    2. Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions
    3. Economic Benefits of Intervention
  42. 46. Tobacco Addiction
    1. Constraints to Effective Tobacco-Control Policies
    2. Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Tobacco-Control Interventions
    3. Health Consequences of Smoking
  43. 47. Alcohol
    1. Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions
    2. Epidemiology of Alcohol Use and Alcohol-Related Disease Conditions
    3. Implementation of Control Strategies: Lessons of Experience
    4. Interventions for Reducing High-Risk Drinking
  44. 48. Illicit Opiate Abuse
    1. Annex 48.A: Prevalence of Use, Adverse Health Effects of and Interventions for Cannabis, Cocaine, Amphetamines, and MDMA Use and Dependence
    2. Interventions for Illicit Opioid Dependence
    3. Nature, Causes, and Health Consequences of Illicit Opioid Use
  45. 49. Learning and Developmental Disabilities
    1. Interventions in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
  46. 50. Loss of Vision and Hearing
    1. Nature, Causes, and Epidemiology of Vision Loss
  47. 51. Cost–Effectiveness of Interventions for Musculoskeletal Conditions
    1. Burden of Musculoskeletal Disease
    2. Research and Development
  48. 52. Pain Control for People with Cancer and AIDS
    1. Costs and Cost-Effectiveness
    2. Implementation of Strategies to Improve Pain Control
    3. Interventions for Pain Relief
  49. 53. Public Health Surveillance: A Tool for Targeting and Monitoring Intervention
    1. Selected Surveillance Strategies
    2. Surveillance for Specific Conditions
    3. The Role of Surveillance in Major Outbreaks
  50. 54. Information to Improve Decision Making for Health
    1. Benefits, Costs, and Cost-Effectiveness of Improved Information
    2. Implementation of Change: Lessons of Experience
    3. Systems and Supply of Health Information
  51. 55. Drug Resistance
    1. Implementation of Strategies: Two Lessons from Experience
    2. Interventions
    3. Risk Factors
  52. 56. Community Health and Nutrition Programs
    1. Community- and Facility-Based Programs
    2. Community-Based Programs—What Are They?
    3. Contextual Factors
    4. Future Applications
    5. Programmatic Factors
    6. Results
    7. What Is Known about Efficacy and Effectiveness
  53. 57. Contraception
    1. Economic Benefits of Intervention
    2. Intervention Cost and Cost-Effectiveness
    3. Interventions
    4. Nature, Causes, and Burden of the Conditions That Can Be Addressed
  54. 58. School–Based Health and Nutrition Programs
    1. Economic Benefits of Intervention
    2. Implementation of Programs and Lessons from Experience
    3. Infectious Disease and School-Age Children
    4. Interventions
    5. Research and Development Agenda
  55. 59. Adolescent Health Programs
    1. Costs and Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions
    2. Economic Analysis
    3. Interventions
    4. Nature and Causes of the Burden of Disease in Young People
    5. Program Implementation and Lessons of Experience
  56. 60. Occupational Health
    1. Economic Aspects of Intervention
    2. Implementation
    3. Interventions
    4. Nature and Causes of Occupational Health Conditions in the Developing World
  57. 62. Control and Eradication
    1. Disease-Specific Case Studies
  58. 63. Integrated Management of the Sick Child
    1. Conclusions: Promises and Pitfalls
    2. Implementation of Programs: Lessons of Experience
    3. Intervention Cost and Cost-Effectiveness
    4. Interventions
    5. Nature, Causes, and Burden of Child Mortality
    6. Policy Shift to Integrated Management
  59. 64. General Primary Care
    1. A Research and Development Agenda for General Primary Care
    2. Acknowledgments
    3. Scaling Up
    4. The Effectiveness of General Primary Care
    5. The Scope of General Primary Care Practice
  60. 65. The District Hospital
    1. Economics of District Hospitals: A Summary of Reported Experience
    2. Effecting Change with Cross-Cutting Interventions
    3. The Future: Research and Information Needs
  61. 66. Referral Hospitals
    1. Current Balance of Care in Practice
    2. Determinants of an Appropriate Balance of Referral-Level Care
    3. Functions and Benefits
    4. Getting Better Value for Money from the Hospital System
  62. 67. Surgery
    1. Costs and Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions
    2. Nature, Causes, and Burden of Surgical Conditions
  63. 68. Emergency Medical Services
    1. Conclusions: Promises and Pitfalls
    2. Definitions
    3. Interventions for Emergency Care: Systems, Structures, and Organization
  64. 69. Complementary and Alternative Medicine
    1. Economics of Complementary and Alternative Medicine and Traditional Medicine
    2. Expanding the Beneficial Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine and Traditional Medicine
  65. 70. Improving the Quality of Care in Developing Countries
    1. Economic Benefits and Costs of Quality Care
    2. Policy Interventions to Improve Quality
  66. 71. Health Workers: Building and Motivating the Workforce
    1. Health Care Staff
    2. Health Worker Incentives
  67. 72. Ensuring Supplies of Appropriate Drugs and Vaccines
    1. Issues for the Future
    2. Selection of Drugs
  68. 73. Strategic Management of Clinical Services
    1. Managing Clinical Services in Different Settings
    2. The Specifics: What Works?
Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors
  1. 1. Measuring the Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors, 1990—2001
    1. Improving the Comparative Quantification of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors: The 2001 GBD Study
    2. Major Findings of the 2001 GBD Study
  2. 2. Demographic and Epidemiological Characteristics of Major Regions, 1990—2001
    1. Changes in Mortality, 1990–2001
    2. Discussion
    3. Regional Demographic Characteristics
    4. Trends in Causes of Child Death, 1990–2001
  3. 3. The Burden of Disease and Mortality by Condition: Data, Methods, and Results for 2001
    1. Burden of Disability and Poor Health in 2001
    2. Discussion and Conclusions
    3. Estimating Deaths by Cause: Methods and Data
    4. Estimating Incidence, Prevalence, and YLD: Methods and Data
    5. Global and Regional Mortality in 2001
    6. Global Burden of Disease in 2001
    7. Quantifying the Global Burden of Disease
  4. 5. Sensitivity and Uncertainty Analyses for Burden of Disease and Risk Factor Estimates
    1. Discussion
    2. Uncertainty Estimates for All-Cause Mortality and Life Expectancies
    3. Uncertainty Estimates for Regional Mortality by Cause
  5. 6. Incorporating Deaths Near the Time of Birth into Estimates of the Global Burden of Disease
Priorities in Health
  1. 1. Accomplishments, Challenges, and Priorities
    1. Equity
    2. Historical Achievements in World Health
  2. 2. Success in Addressing Priorities
    1. Cost-Effective Interventions Beyond Health Systems
    2. Successes That Strengthened Weak Health Systems
  3. 3. Cost–Effectiveness Analysis
    1. How Can Policy Makers Use Cost-Effectiveness Analysis?
    2. What Is Cost-Effectiveness Analysis?
  4. 4. Cost–Effective Strategies for the Excess Burden of Disease in Developing Countries
    1. Infectious and Communicable Diseases
    2. Maternal and Neonatal Health
  5. 5. Cost–Effective Strategies for Noncommunicable Diseases, Risk Factors, and Behaviors
    1. Alcohol Abuse
    2. Cancer
    3. Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes, High Blood Pressure, Cholesterol, and Bodyweight
    4. Congenital and Developmental Disorders
    5. Mental Health
    6. Tobacco Use
    7. Unintentional Injuries
  6. 6. Providing Interventions
    1. Cross-Level Services and Inputs
    2. Integration of Services Across the Life Cycle
    3. Levels of Care
  7. 7. Pillars of the Health System
    1. Financing
    2. Human Resources
    3. Information, Surveillance, and Research
    4. Management of Health Services

Chapter Presentations

Chapter 01. Investing in Health
  1. Changes in Life Expectancy, 1960-2002, By World Bank Region
  2. Rate of Change in Life Expectancy, 1960-2002, By World Bank Region
  3. Under-Five Deaths from AIDS, Malaria, and Other Causes, Sub-Saharan Africa
Chapter 02. Intervention Cost-Effectiveness: Overview of Main Messages
  1. Cost-effectiveness of Interventions for Malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa
  2. Neglected Low-Cost Opportunities in Sub-Saharan Africa: Cardiovascular Disease
  3. Neglected Low-Cost Opportunities in Sub-Saharan Africa: HIV/AIDS and Maternal and Neonatal Care
  4. Neglected Low-Cost Opportunities in Sub-Saharan Africa: Traffic Accidents, Surgical Services, and Emergency Care
  5. Neglected Low-Cost Opportunities in Sub-Saharan Africa: Childhood Immunization, Malaria, and Childhood Illnesses
Chapter 04. Priorities for Global Research and Development of Interventions
  1. Leading Causes of Disease Burden, by Select World Bank Region, 2001
  2. Disease Burden Distribution, by Select World Bank Region, 2001
Chapter 20. Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
  1. Cost per Deaths and Disability Adjusted Life Years Averted by Vaccination, 2001
  2. Deaths Averted by Vaccination for Hib and Hepatitis B, 2001
  3. Deaths Averted by Vaccination for Measles and Yellow Fever, 2001
  4. Annual Cost per Fully Immunized Child for the Traditional Childhood Vaccines, By Region, 2001
  5. Deaths Averted by Vaccination for Diphtheria and Whooping Cough, 2001
  6. Deaths Averted by Vaccination for Tetanus and Polio, 2001
Chapter 10. Gender Differentials in Health
  1. Gender Ratio of Conditions that Affect Women Disproportionately, 2001
  2. Percentage of DALYs Resulting from Selected Conditions Specific to Women, 2001
  3. Burden of Disease, By Gender and Region, 2001
  4. Gender Ratio of Conditions that Affect Women Disproportionately, 2001
Chapter 28. Stunting, Wasting, and Micronutrient Deficiency Disorders
  1. Vitamin A Deficiency Among Children Under Age Five, By Region
  2. Zinc Deficiency Among Children Under Age Five, By Region
  3. Iron Deficiency Anemia Among Children Under Age Five, By Region
  4. Percent of Underweight Children Under Age Five, By Region
  5. Childhood Deaths and DALYs Attributable to Being Underweight, By Region
  6. Iodine Deficiency Among Children Under Age Five, By Region
Chapter 26. Maternal and Perinatal Conditions
  1. Estimates of Maternal Mortality, By Region, 2000
  2. Cost-effectiveness of Interventions for Maternal and Perinatal Conditions
  3. DALYs for Maternal and Early Neonatal* Conditions, Selected Regions, 2001
  4. Deaths in the First Week of Life, Selected Regions, 2001
Chapter 31. Mental Disorders
  1. DALYs Averted by a Mental Health Care Package, By Region
  2. Disease Burden of Selected Major Psychiatric Disorders, By Region, 2001
  3. Costs of a Mental Health Care Package, By Region
  4. Cost-effectiveness of a Mental Health Care Package, By Region
Chapter 21. Conquering Malaria
  1. Estimated Deaths from Malaria in Children Under Age Five in Africa, 2000
Chapter 33. Cardiovascular Disease
  1. Cost-effectiveness of Medical Therapy for Coronary Heart Disease, By Region
  2. Cardiovascular Events and Deaths Preventable By Medical Therapy
  3. Cost-effectiveness of Medical Therapy for Heart Attacks, By Region
Chapter 27. Newborn Survival
  1. Universal Scale-up of Newborn Care
  2. Cost of Adding Newborn Care Packages to Maternal and Child Health Services
Chapter 59. Adolescent Health Programs
  1. Young People Ages 20-24 Who Were Married Before Age 20, By Gender
  2. Young Sexually Active Women Using Contraception, By Age Group
  3. Young Sexually Active Women Using Contraception, By Age Group
Chapter 47. Alcohol
  1. Prevalence of High-Risk Drinking, By Gender, Age, and Region, 2000
  2. DALYs Lost Due to High-Risk Drinking, By Disease Category and Region, 2001
  3. Estimated Impact of Interventions to Reduce High-Risk Drinking in Europe and Central Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Sub-Saharan Africa
  4. Estimated Cost-effectiveness of Interventions to Reduce High-Risk Drinking in Europe and Central Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Sub-Saharan Africa
Chapter 68. Emergency Medical Services
  1. Estimated Cost-effectiveness of Combined Use of Trained Lay First Responders and Paramedics
  2. Estimated Cost-effectiveness of Staffed Community Ambulances in Urban Areas
  3. Estimated Cost-effectiveness of Staffed Community Ambulances in Rural Areas
Chapter 44. Prevention of Chronic Disease by Means of Diet and Lifestyle Changes
  1. Incremental Cost-effectiveness of Reducing Salt Content by Legislation and Public Education
  2. Incremental Cost-effectiveness of Reducing Saturated Fat Content
  3. Incremental Cost-effectiveness of Reducing Trans Fat
Chapter 30. Diabetes: The Pandemic and Potential Solutions
  1. Estimated Direct Medical Costs of Diabetes, By Region, 2003
  2. Estimated Diabetes Deaths and DALYs Lost Among People Ages 20 to 79, By Region, 2001
  3. Estimated Number of People Ages 20 to 79 with Diabetes, By Region, 2003 and 2025
Chapter 39. Unintentional Injuries
  1. Estimated Cost-effectiveness of Interventions Enforcing Traffic Regulations
  2. Estimated Cost-effectiveness of Installing Speed Bumps at Lethal Intersections
Chapter 45. The Growing Burden of Risk from High Blood Pressure, Cholesterol, and Bodyweight
  1. Cost-effectiveness of Interventions for Cardiovascular Disease in Africa*
  2. Estimates of Cost-effectiveness of a Polypill for Cardiovascular Disease, By Region
Chapter 46. Tobacco Addiction
  1. Estimated Cost-effectiveness of Selected Tobacco Interventions, By Region
  2. Global Tobacco Deaths and DALYs Lost, By Gender and Region, 2000
  3. Estimated Prevalence of Smoking Among People Ages 15 and Older, By Gender, 2000
  4. Regional Distribution of Smokers Ages 15 and Older, 2000
Chapter 60. Occupational Health
  1. Impact of an Immunization Safety Program at Health Centers in Burkina Faso, 2000 and 2003
Chapter 67. Surgery
  1. Estimated Annual Costs Attributable to Surgical Patients in a Community Clinic and District Hospital
Chapter 65. The District Hospital
  1. Effectiveness of a Kenyan District Hospital in Preventing Childhood Deaths
Chapter 57. Contraception
  1. Average Cost of Family Planning Services per Infant and Maternal Death Averted
  2. Total Potential Demand for Family Planning in Selected Countries
  3. Average Cost of Family Planning Services per Birth Averted and per DALY Averted
  4. Maternal Burden of Disease Associated with Unwanted Pregnancy and Unsafe Abortion
Chapter 29. Health Service Interventions for Cancer Control in Developing Countries
  1. Economic Outcomes of Once-in-a-Lifetime Cervical Cancer Screening Programs in Madagascar
  2. Economic Outcomes of Once-in-a-Lifetime Cervical Cancer Screening Programs in Zimbabwe

Conference and Workshop Presentations

  1. Apr 2006, Assessing The Global Burden of Risk Factors: History And Results For 2001 , Beijing, China (PDF | 211.0k)
  2. Jun 2008, Closing the Funding Gap using Domestic Financing Mechanisms, Juba, Southern Sudan (PDF | 138.7k)
  3. Jun 2008, Conquering Malaria, Juba, Southern Sudan (PDF | 74.0k)
  4. Jul 2006, Control of Non-Communicable Diseases In Sub-Saharan Africa , Arusha, Tanzania (PDF | 385.5k)
  5. Dec 2007, Cost Effectiveness of Injury Control in Low Income Countries, Washington, DC, USA (PDF | 320.0k)
  6. Jun 2008, Cross-sectoral School-Based Health Programs, Washington, DC, USA (PDF | 374.2k)
  7. Nov 2007, Defining and Defeating the Intolerable Burden of Malaria, Dakar, Senegal (PDF | 3.4MB)
  8. Jun 2008, Financing of Health Care in Low in Income Countries (LICs): Addressing the Funding Gap in Southern Sudan, Juba, Southern Sudan (PDF | 83.0k)
  9. May 2006, Improving The Quality of Care In Developing Countries , Washington, DC, USA (PDF | 150.1k)
  10. Jun 2007, Malaria and its Impact on Maternal, Perinatal, and Child Health, Accra, Ghana (PDF | 618.1k)
  11. Jul 2006, Malaria: The Peril And The Promise, Arusha, Tanzania (PDF | 892.3k)
  12. Jun 2008, Mental Health Programming for Low Income Countries, Juba, Southern Sudan (PDF | 180.8k)
  13. May 2007, New evidence for conquering malaria: Operations, Costs and Cost-Effectiveness, Washington, DC, USA (PDF | 220.5k)
  14. Jun 2007, Newborn Health and Survival: Delivering the Future, Accra, Ghana (PDF | 1.7MB)
  15. Jul 2006, Newborn Survival: Overview of Main Messages, Arusha, Tanzania (PDF | 114.6k)
  16. Jun 2007, Overcoming Challenges of Reproductive Health: The Case For Family Planning, Accra, Ghana (PDF | 319.6k)
  17. Sep 2007, Prioritizing Cost-Effective Interventions While Strengthening Health Systems: Balancing Vertical And Horizontal Programs, Arusha, Tanzania (PDF | 400.5k)
  18. Jul 2006, Regional Burden of Disease and Risk Factors, Arusha, Tanzania (PDF | 246.2k)
  19. Sep 2008, Revitalizing Primary Health Care: Strengthening Health Systems, Arusha, Tanzania (PDF | 274.3k)
  20. Sep 2007, Surgery In District Hospitals , Arusha, Tanzania (PDF | 38.5k)
  21. Aug 2007, The How and Why of Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA) in Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (PDF | 672.6k)
  22. Nov 2006, The How and Why of Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA) in Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, Washington, DC, USA (PDF | 494.4k)
  23. Jun 2008, Tuberculosis Disease and Cost Effective Control Strategies In Resource Poor Countries, Juba, Southern Sudan (PDF | 6.1MB)

News & Events

News
  1. Oct 1, 2007: Experts Develop Roadmap to Promote Essential Surgery at the District Level
  2. Mar 16, 2007: Ministers Strive to Scale Up Cost-Effective Interventions
Events
  1. Sep 4, 2007: 1st Regional Forum on Best Practices in Health Care and Directors Joint Consultative Committee Meeting
  2. Feb 25, 2008: 46th Annual East, Central, and Southern African Health Ministers' Conference
  3. Apr 27, 2009: CODIST Pre-Conference Workshop
  4. Jul 24, 2006: Directors' Joint Consultative Committee
  5. Mar 14, 2007: East, Central and Southern African Health Community Health Ministers' Conference
  6. Jun 20, 2007: High Level Consultative Meeting on Sub-Regional Strategy for the Reduction of Maternal and Perinatal Mortality and Morbidity in ECOWAS States
  7. May 1, 2008: Johns Hopkins Population Center and the Population Reference Bureau's Annual Symposium on Policy and Health | Controlling HIV in Africa - Behavior, Biology, or Both?
  8. Jan 7, 2009: Santénet Project Close-Out Event
 

Resources

Related Analysis
  1. Alcohol, Addiction, and Public Health (PDF | 593.7k)
  2. An International Review of the Economic Costs of Mental Illness (PDF | 136.3k)
  3. At Least One-Third of Poor Countries - Disease Burden Is Due To Malnutrition (PDF | 4.3MB)
  4. Bellagio Report - Conference on Increasing Access to Surgical Services in Resource-Constrained Settings in Sub-Saharan Africa (PDF | 60.7k)
  5. Comparing Quality in Disparate Settings Using Vignettes to Control for Case-Mix Variation (PDF | 428.1k)
  6. Controlling onchocerciasis in sub-Saharan Africa
  7. Cost-Effectiveness of a Pediatric Dengue Vaccine (PDF | 252.3k)
  8. DCP2 Tuberculosis Supplementary Material (Chapter 16 Annex) (PDF | 564.2k)
  9. Deaths and Disease Burden by Cause: Global Burden of Disease Estimates for 2001 by World Bank Country Groups (PDF | 1.7MB)
  10. Disease and Mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa, Second Edition (PDF | 5.1MB)
  11. Do Malaria Control Interventions Reach the Poor?: A View Through the Equity Lens (PDF | 1.5MB)
  12. Economics of Malaria Resistance and the Optimal Use of Artemisinin-Based Combination Treatments (ACTs) (PDF | 1.6MB)
  13. Eliminating measles in southern Africa
  14. Eradicating smallpox
  15. Feasibility of Scaling-up Interventions: The Role of Intervention Design (PDF | 744.1k)
  16. Health's Contribution to Economic Growth in an Environment of Partially Endogenous Technical Progress (PDF | 370.0k)
  17. Health-seeking behaviour and the health system response (PDF | 524.2k)
  18. Investing in Global Health "Best Buys" and Priorities for Action in Developing Countries (PPT | 463.5k)
  19. Mental Health and Labor Markets Productivity Loss and Restoration (PDF | 664.5k)
  20. Modeling the Cost Effectiveness of Injury Interventions in Lower and Middle Income Countries: Opportunities and Challenges (PDF | 501.7k)
  21. New Perspectives on the Causes and Potential Costs of Malaria: The Growth and Development of Children. What Should We be Measuring and How Should We be Measuring It? (PDF | 1.8MB)
  22. Optimal Disease Eradication (PDF | 598.7k)
  23. Organisational Relationships and the "Software" of Health Sector Reform (PDF | 394.4k)
  24. Preventing Hib disease in Chile and The Gambia.
  25. Progress in the Development of a Recombinant Vaccine for Human Hookworm Disease: The Human Hookworm Vaccine Initiative (PDF | 403.6k)
  26. Public Management and the Essential Public Health Functions (PDF | 312.3k)
  27. Reducing guinea worm in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa
  28. Science and Technology for Disease Control: Past, Present, and Future (PDF | 280.5k)
  29. Soil Transmitted Helminth Infections: The Nature, Causes and Burden of the Condition (PDF | 3.6MB)
  30. Soil-Transmitted Helminthic Infections: Updating the Global Picture (PDF | 678.6k)
  31. Suicide and Suicide Prevention in Developing Countries (PDF | 241.6k)
  32. The Cost-Effectiveness of Primary Care Services in Developing Countries: A Review of the International Literature (PDF | 382.2k)
  33. The economic burden of illness for households: A review of cost of illness and coping strategy studies focusing on malaria, tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS (PDF | 771.9k)
  34. The Global Burden of Disease Due to Schistosomiasis (PDF | 346.6k)
  35. The Intolerable Burden Of Malaria: What's New, What's Needed
  36. The Public Health Burden of Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in Africa: Deriving the Numbers (PDF | 5.9MB)
  37. Undernutrition as an underlying cause of malaria morbidity and mortality (PDF | 340.7k)
  38. Unit Costs of Health Care Inputs in Low and Middle Income Regions (PDF | 1.2MB)
  39. Vaccine Preventable Diseases Still Take Toll in the Developing World
  40. Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene Promotion (PDF | 506.3k)
  41. Why Has Infant Mortality Decreased at Such Different Rates in Different Countries? (PDF | 413.5k)
Fact Sheets
  1. Achieving the Millennium Development Goals for Health (PDF | 473.4k)
  2. Adolescent Health (PDF | 671.3k)
  3. Atteindre les objectifs du Millénaire pour le développement pour la Santé : (PDF | 286.4k)
  4. Cardiovascular Disease (PDF | 470.6k)
  5. Complementary and Alternative Medicine May Reduce Risk of Some Diseases (PDF | 285.8k)
  6. Controlling Cancer in Developing Countries (PDF | 336.9k)
  7. Desempeño del sistema de salud en los países en desarrollo (PDF | 498.4k)
  8. Eliminating Malnutrition Could Reduce Poor Countries' Disease Burden by One-Third (PDF | 305.7k)
  9. Enfermedades no transmisibles (PDF | 517.4k)
  10. Financing Health Systems (PDF | 1.1MB)
  11. Finding the Best Health Buys (PDF | 655.1k)
  12. Health System Performance in Developing Countries (PDF | 449.4k)
  13. HIV and AIDS (PDF | 483.2k)
  14. How to Reduce Indoor Air Pollution Through Cost-Effective Solutions (PDF | 292.6k)
  15. Infectious Diseases (PDF | 877.2k)
  16. Injuries and Violence (PDF | 667.7k)
  17. La mortalité maternelle (PDF | 280.8k)
  18. La santé de l?enfant (PDF | 708.4k)
  19. La santé des nouveau-nés (PDF | 405.9k)
  20. Le paludisme (PDF | 414.3k)
  21. Le VIH et le sida (PDF | 420.3k)
  22. Malaria (PDF | 468.9k)
  23. Maternal Deaths (PDF | 995.4k)
  24. Musculoskeletal Conditions are the Most Common Cause of Chronic Disability (PDF | 282.4k)
  25. Natural Disasters: Coping with the Health Impact (PDF | 284.0k)
  26. Newborn Health (PDF | 472.8k)
  27. Noncommunicable Diseases on the Rise in East, Central, and Southern Africa (PDF | 1.1MB)
  28. Pourquoi la contraception est un bon investissement (PDF | 435.5k)
  29. Primary Health Care (PDF | 311.5k)
  30. The Critical Role of District Hospitals (PDF | 292.2k)
  31. Tobacco Addiction (PDF | 468.2k)
  32. Tuberculosis (PDF | 481.2k)
  33. VIH y Sida (PDF | 452.3k)
  34. Want Value for Money? Invest in Information (PDF | 305.7k)
  35. Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (PDF | 372.9k)
  36. Why Contraception is a Best Buy (PDF | 268.5k)
 

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