Comparative Risk Assessment

Publications

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Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries (2nd Edition)

1. 43. Air and Water Pollution: Burden and Strategies for Control
   1. Interventions
   2. Nature, Causes, and Burden of Air and Water Pollution
   3. Research and Development Agenda
2. 47. Alcohol
   1. Burden of Disease Related to High-Risk Alcohol Use
   2. Conclusion
   3. Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions
   4. Economic Benefits of Interventions
   5. Epidemiology of Alcohol Use and Alcohol-Related Disease Conditions
   6. Implementation of Control Strategies: Lessons of Experience
   7. Interventions for Reducing High-Risk Drinking
3. 56. Community Health and Nutrition Programs
   1. Programmatic Factors
   2. Results
4. 57. Contraception
   1. Nature, Causes, and Burden of the Conditions That Can Be Addressed
5. 62. Control and Eradication
   1. Disease-Specific Case Studies
6. 15. Cost–Effectiveness Analysis for Priority Setting
   1. Cost-Effectiveness and Priority Setting
   2. Definition and Characteristics of Interventions
   3. Estimating Effectiveness in Health
7. 51. Cost–Effectiveness of Interventions for Musculoskeletal Conditions
   1. Burden of Musculoskeletal Disease
   2. Economic Issues
   3. Implementation of Control Strategies: Lessons of Experience
   4. Research and Development
8. 10. Gender Differentials in Health
   1. Antecedents
   2. Conclusions
   3. Gender Differentials in Disease Burdens
   4. Priority Disease Groups for Women
   5. Research Agenda
   6. Women's Excess Disease Burdens
9. 48. Illicit Opiate Abuse
   1. Annex 48.A: Prevalence of Use, Adverse Health Effects of and Interventions for Cannabis, Cocaine, Amphetamines, and MDMA Use and Dependence
   2. Interventions for Illicit Opioid Dependence
10. 42. Indoor Air Pollution
    1. Intervention Costs and Effectiveness
    2. Nature, Causes, and Burden of Condition
11. 2. Intervention Cost–Effectiveness: Overview of Main Messages
    1. Annex 2.A: Intervention Categories and Pertinent Policy Instruments
    2. Annex 2.C: Summary of other Interventions
    3. Assessing the Evidence on the Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions
12. 50. Loss of Vision and Hearing
    1. Nature, Causes, and Epidemiology of Hearing Loss
    2. Nature, Causes, and Epidemiology of Vision Loss
13. 61. Natural Disaster Mitigation and Relief
    1. Conclusions
    2. Disasters as a Public Health Condition
    3. Intervention Cost, Cost-Effectiveness, and Economic Benefits
    4. Interventions: From Response to Prevention
14. 60. Occupational Health
    1. Conclusions
    2. Economic Aspects of Intervention
    3. Global Burden of Disease from Occupational Health Risks
    4. Implementation
    5. Interventions
    6. Nature and Causes of Occupational Health Conditions in the Developing World
    7. Research Agenda
15. 44. Prevention of Chronic Disease by Means of Diet and Lifestyle Changes
    1. Chronic Disease Prevention
16. 53. Public Health Surveillance: A Tool for Targeting and Monitoring Intervention
    1. Research Agenda in Public Health Surveillance
    2. Surveillance for Specific Conditions
17. 67. Surgery
    1. Nature, Causes, and Burden of Surgical Conditions
18. 45. The Growing Burden of Risk from High Blood Pressure, Cholesterol, and Bodyweight
    1. Burden of the Disease, Condition, or Risk Factor
    2. Conclusions
    3. Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions
    4. Economic Benefits of Intervention
    5. Epidemiology
    6. Interventions
    7. Research and Development Agenda
19. 46. Tobacco Addiction
    1. Health Consequences of Smoking
    2. Interventions to Reduce Demand for Tobacco
    3. Rationale for Government Intervention

Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors

1. 4. Comparative Quantification of Mortality and Burden of Disease Attributable to Selected Risk Factors
   1. ANNEX 4A: Population Attributable Fractions, Attributable Deaths, Years of Life Lost Because of Premature Mortality (YLL), and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) by Risk Factor, Disease Outcome, Age, Sex, and Region
   2. Burden of Disease Attributable to Individual Risk Factors
   3. Burden of Disease Attributable to Multiple Risk Factors
   4. Burden of Disease Attributable to Risk Factors
   5. Directions for Future Research
   6. Discussion
   7. Joint Effects of Multiple Risk Factors
   8. Risk Factor Selection
2. 6. Incorporating Deaths Near the Time of Birth into Estimates of the Global Burden of Disease
   1. Acknowledgments
   2. Annex 6A: Flexible Functional Forms for the Acquisition of Life Potential
   3. Annex 6C: Causes of Neonatal Mortality: Comparison of Numbers from the Global Burden of Disease with those from the Child Health Epidemiology Reference Group
   4. Conclusions
   5. Stillbirths and Neonatal Mortality in the Context of the Global Burden Of Disease
   6. The Burden of Disease Resulting from Events Near the Time of Birth
3. 1. Measuring the Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors, 1990—2001
   1. Applications of Burden of Disease Analysis
   2. Conclusions
   3. Improving the Comparative Quantification of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors: The 2001 GBD Study
   4. Major Findings of the 2001 GBD Study
4. 5. Sensitivity and Uncertainty Analyses for Burden of Disease and Risk Factor Estimates
   1. Acknowledgments
   2. Conclusions
   3. Discounting and Age Weighting in the DALY Measure
   4. Discussion
   5. Sensitivity of Burden of Disease and Injury Results to Variations in Key Parameter Values
   6. Sensitivity of Risk Factor Estimates to Variations in Key Parameter Values
   7. Uncertainty Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Estimates
   8. Uncertainty Arising from Epidemiological Estimates
   9. Uncertainty Estimates for All-Cause Mortality and Life Expectancies
   10. Uncertainty Estimates for Regional Mortality by Cause
   11. Uncertainty in Disability Weights
   12. Uncertainty in the Disease Burden Attributable to Risk Factors
5. 3. The Burden of Disease and Mortality by Condition: Data, Methods, and Results for 2001
   1. Acknowledgments
   2. Burden of Disability and Poor Health in 2001
   3. Discussion and Conclusions
   4. Estimating Deaths by Cause: Methods and Data
   5. Estimating Incidence, Prevalence, and YLD: Methods and Data
   6. Global and Regional Mortality in 2001
   7. Global Burden of Disease in 2001
   8. Quantifying the Global Burden of Disease

Priorities in Health

1. 1. Accomplishments, Challenges, and Priorities
2. 5. Cost–Effective Strategies for Noncommunicable Diseases, Risk Factors, and Behaviors
   1. Alcohol Abuse
   2. Cancer
   3. Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes, High Blood Pressure, Cholesterol, and Bodyweight
   4. Conclusion
   5. Congenital and Developmental Disorders
   6. Mental Health
   7. Tobacco Use
   8. Unintentional Injuries
3. 4. Cost–Effective Strategies for the Excess Burden of Disease in Developing Countries
   1. Maternal and Neonatal Health
4. 3. Cost–Effectiveness Analysis
   1. How Can Policy Makers Use Cost-Effectiveness Analysis?
5. 8. The Way Forward: A Blueprint for Action