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Research and Development

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Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries (2nd Edition)
  1. 1. Investing in Health
    1. The 20th Century Takeoff in Human Health
    2. The Economic Benefits of Better Health
    3. Why Has Mortality Declined at Such Different Rates in Different Countries?
    4. Child Health
    5. HIV/AIDS
    6. Noncommunicable Disease and Injury
    7. Health System Development and Finance
    8. Research and Development
    9. Development Assistance for Health
    10. Conclusions
    11. Annex 1.A: The Burden of Disease in 2001
    12. Acknowledgments
  2. 3. Strengthening Health Systems
    1. History and Current Themes
    2. Health System Constraints on the Delivery of Public and Personal Health Services
    3. Solutions in Low-Capacity Environments
    4. Research Priorities
    5. Conclusions
    6. Acknowledgments
  3. 4. Priorities for Global Research and Development of Interventions
    1. Needs, Context, Opportunities, and Major Challenges
    2. Priority Setting
    3. Key Recommendations
    4. Acknowledgments
  4. 5. Science and Technology for Disease Control: Past, Present, and Future
    1. Medicine before the 20th Century
    2. Science, Technology, and Medicine in the 20th Century
    3. Science, Technology, and Medicine in the Future
    4. Summary
  5. 6. Product Development Priorities
    1. Introduction
    2. Pharmaceutical Products
    3. Diagnostics
    4. Financing and Institutional Arrangements for New Product Development
    5. Intellectual Property
    6. Regulatory and Liability Issues
  6. 7. Economic Approaches to Valuing Global Health Research
    1. The Value of Health Research
    2. Methods of Assessing the Value of Health Research Projects
    3. Conclusions
  7. 8. Improving the Health of Populations: Lessons of Experience
    1. Research Methods
    2. General Findings
    3. Conclusion
    4. Acknowledgments
  8. 9. Millennium Development Goals for Health: What Will It Take to Accelerate Progress?
    1. The Millennium Development Goals for Health: Progress and Prospects
    2. Scaling Up: Defining Interventions and Removing Constraints
    3. Costing and Financing Additional Spending for the MDGs
  9. 10. Gender Differentials in Health
    1. Antecedents
    2. Research Agenda
  10. 11. Fiscal Policies for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
    1. Use of Fiscal Policy for Health in Developing Countries
    2. Subsidies for Health and Health-Related Products
    3. Fiscal Policy to Promote Health
  11. 12. Financing Health Systems in the 21st Century
    1. Health Financing Systems
    2. Health Financing Issues in LICs
    3. Conclusions
  12. 13. Recent Trends and Innovations in Development Assistance for Health
    1. Trends and Gaps in Development Assistance for Health
    2. Making Development Assistance for Health More Effective: Lessons Learned
    3. Recent Innovations to Improve the Effectiveness of Development Assistance for Health
    4. Conclusions
  13. 14. Ethical Issues in Resource Allocation, Research, and New Product Development
    1. Health Resource Allocation
    2. Ethics in Research and New Product Development
  14. 17. Sexually Transmitted Infections
    1. Burden of STIs and Benefits of Control
    2. Intervention Costs and Cost-Effectiveness
    3. Scaling Up Control Strategies
    4. Research and Development Agenda
    5. Conclusions
    6. Acknowledgments
  15. 18. HIV/AIDS Prevention and Treatment
    1. Obstacles to HIV Control
    2. Research Agenda
  16. 19. Diarrheal Diseases
    1. Public Health Significance of Diarrheal Illnesses
    2. Case Management
    3. Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions
    4. Research Agenda
    5. Conclusions
  17. 20. Vaccine–Preventable Diseases
    1. Expanded Program on Immunization
    2. Financial Sustainability of Immunization Programs
    3. Research Agenda
    4. Conclusions
  18. 21. Conquering Malaria
    1. Causes, Epidemiology, Manifestations, and Diagnosis
    2. Research Priorities
    3. Conclusion
  19. 22. Tropical Diseases Targeted for Elimination: Chagas Disease, Lymphatic Filariasis, Onchocerciasis, and Leprosy
    1. Disease Characteristics and Transmission
    2. Research Needs and Priorities
    3. Conclusion
  20. 23. Tropical Diseases Lacking Adequate Control Measures: Dengue, Leishmaniasis, and African Trypanosomiasis
    1. Problems and Challenges for Disease Control
    2. Summary
  21. 25. Acute Respiratory Infections in Children
    1. Causes of ARIs and the Burden of Disease
    2. Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions
    3. Implementation of ARI Control Strategies: Lessons of Experience
    4. Research and Development Agenda
    5. Conclusions: Promises and Pitfalls
  22. 26. Maternal and Perinatal Conditions
    1. Epidemiology of Maternal and Perinatal Conditions
    2. Economic Benefits of Intervention
    3. Lessons for Implementation
    4. Research and Development Needs
    5. Conclusions
    6. Annex 26.A: CEA Model Assumptions
    7. Acknowledgments
  23. 27. Newborn Survival
    1. Interventions
    2. Research Priorities
  24. 28. Stunting, Wasting, and Micronutrient Deficiency Disorders
    1. Nature, Causes, and Burden of Undernutrition
    2. Interventions
    3. Intervention Costs and Cost-Effectiveness
    4. Economic Benefits of Intervention
    5. Program Implementation: Lessons of Experience
    6. Research and Development Agenda
    7. Conclusions
  25. 29. Health Service Interventions for Cancer Control in Developing Countries
    1. Types of Interventions for Cancer Control
    2. Applicability of Cost-Effectiveness Studies from Developed to Developing Countries
    3. Research Agenda
  26. 30. Diabetes: The Pandemic and Potential Solutions
    1. Nature and Distribution of Diabetes
    2. Interventions and Delivery Modes
    3. Lessons and Experience
    4. Research and Development Agenda
    5. Conclusions
  27. 31. Mental Disorders
    1. Policy and Service Implications
  28. 32. Neurological Disorders
    1. AD and Other Dementias
    2. Epilepsy
    3. Parkinson's Disease
    4. Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions in Developing Countries
    5. Recommendations
    6. Research and Development Agenda
    7. Missed Opportunities
    8. Acknowledgments
  29. 33. Cardiovascular Disease
    1. Epidemiology of CVD
    2. Burden of Disease
    3. Research and Development
    4. Conclusions: Pitfalls and Promises
  30. 34. Inherited Disorders of Hemoglobin
    1. Introduction
    2. Control and Treatment
    3. Costs and Effectiveness of Diagnosis and Management
    4. Options for Control and Management of Inherited Hemoglobin Disorders
    5. Further Research
  31. 35. Respiratory Diseases of Adults
    1. Future Research Needs
  32. 36. Diseases of the Kidney and the Urinary System
    1. Causes and Characteristics of the Burden of Diseases
    2. Causes of Diseases of the Kidney and Urinary System
    3. Economic Benefits of Intervention
    4. Implementation of Control Strategies: Lessons of Experience
    5. Research and Development Agenda
    6. Conclusions: Promises and Pitfalls
  33. 37. Skin Diseases
    1. Skin Diseases
  34. 38. Oral and Craniofacial Diseases and Disorders
    1. Oral Precancer and Cancer
    2. Common-Risk-Factor Intervention Programs
    3. Research and Future Actions
    4. Cost-Effectiveness of Oral Health Care
  35. 39. Unintentional Injuries
    1. Burden and Causes of Unintentional Injuries
    2. Interventions
    3. Costs, Cost-Effectiveness, and Economic Benefits of Intervention
    4. Implementation of Prevention and Control Strategies
    5. Research and Development Agenda
    6. Conclusions: Promises and Pitfalls
    7. Acknowledgments
  36. 40. Interpersonal Violence
    1. Interventions
    2. Implementation of Prevention Strategies
  37. 41. Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene Promotion
    1. Hygiene Promotion
  38. 42. Indoor Air Pollution
    1. Nature, Causes, and Burden of Condition
    2. Interventions and Policy
    3. Intervention Costs and Effectiveness
    4. Implementation of Control Strategies: Lessons from Experience
    5. The Research and Development Agenda
    6. Conclusions
  39. 43. Air and Water Pollution: Burden and Strategies for Control
    1. Interventions
    2. Intervention Costs and Cost-Effectiveness
    3. Economic Benefits of Interventions
    4. Implementation of Control Strategies: Lessons of Experience
    5. Research and Development Agenda
    6. Conclusion: Promises and Pitfalls
  40. 44. Prevention of Chronic Disease by Means of Diet and Lifestyle Changes
    1. Interventions
    2. Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions
    3. Research and Development Priorities
    4. Recommended Priority Interventions
    5. Conclusions
    6. Acknowledgments
  41. 45. The Growing Burden of Risk from High Blood Pressure, Cholesterol, and Bodyweight
    1. Epidemiology
    2. Burden of the Disease, Condition, or Risk Factor
    3. Economic Benefits of Intervention
    4. Research and Development Agenda
    5. Conclusions
  42. 46. Tobacco Addiction
    1. Rationale for Government Intervention
    2. Interventions to Reduce Demand for Tobacco
  43. 47. Alcohol
    1. Epidemiology of Alcohol Use and Alcohol-Related Disease Conditions
    2. Burden of Disease Related to High-Risk Alcohol Use
    3. Interventions for Reducing High-Risk Drinking
    4. Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions
    5. Economic Benefits of Interventions
    6. Implementation of Control Strategies: Lessons of Experience
    7. Research and Development Agenda
    8. Conclusion
  44. 48. Illicit Opiate Abuse
    1. Nature, Causes, and Health Consequences of Illicit Opioid Use
    2. Contribution of Opioid Dependence to the Global Burden of Disease
    3. Interventions for Illicit Opioid Dependence
    4. Relevance to Developing Countries
    5. Research and Development
    6. Conclusions: Promises and Pitfalls
  45. 49. Learning and Developmental Disabilities
    1. Research Agenda for Prevention of Disabilities in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
    2. Summary
  46. 50. Loss of Vision and Hearing
    1. Nature, Causes, and Epidemiology of Vision Loss
    2. Nature, Causes, and Epidemiology of Hearing Loss
    3. Research and Development Agenda
    4. Conclusions: Promises and Pitfalls
  47. 51. Cost–Effectiveness of Interventions for Musculoskeletal Conditions
    1. Burden of Musculoskeletal Disease
    2. Nature, Causes, and Epidemiology of Musculoskeletal Conditions
    3. Preventive Strategies
    4. Treatments
    5. Economic Issues
    6. Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions for OA
    7. Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions for RA
    8. Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions for Other Musculoskeletal Conditions
    9. Implementation of Control Strategies: Lessons of Experience
    10. Research and Development
    11. Conclusions: Promises and Pitfalls
    12. Acknowledgments
  48. 52. Pain Control for People with Cancer and AIDS
    1. Burden of Pain from Cancer and AIDS
    2. Interventions for Pain Relief
    3. Costs and Cost-Effectiveness
    4. Implementation of Strategies to Improve Pain Control
    5. Recommendations for Research and Development
    6. Conclusions
  49. 53. Public Health Surveillance: A Tool for Targeting and Monitoring Intervention
    1. Analysis and Dissemination of Surveillance Data
    2. Surveillance as a Tool to Improve Public Health
    3. Selected Surveillance Strategies
    4. Global Surveillance Networks
    5. Research Agenda in Public Health Surveillance
  50. 54. Information to Improve Decision Making for Health
    1. Introduction
    2. Systems and Supply of Health Information
    3. Benefits, Costs, and Cost-Effectiveness of Improved Information
    4. Financing of Improved Health Information
    5. Implementation of Change: Lessons of Experience
    6. Research and Development
    7. Conclusions
  51. 55. Drug Resistance
    1. Risk Factors
    2. Interventions
  52. 56. Community Health and Nutrition Programs
    1. What Is Known about Efficacy and Effectiveness
    2. Community- and Facility-Based Programs
    3. Community-Based Programs—What Are They?
    4. Programmatic Factors
    5. Results
    6. Future Applications
  53. 57. Contraception
    1. Nature, Causes, and Burden of the Conditions That Can Be Addressed
    2. Interventions
    3. Organization of Family-Planning Programs
    4. Intervention Cost and Cost-Effectiveness
    5. Equity: Distributing the Benefits of Subsidies
    6. Economic Benefits of Intervention
    7. Research and Development Agenda
  54. 58. School–Based Health and Nutrition Programs
    1. Infectious Disease and School-Age Children
    2. Malnutrition, Noninfectious Disease, and Health and Education
    3. Estimating the Burden of Disease
    4. Interventions
    5. Cost-Effectiveness of Intervention
    6. Economic Benefits of Intervention
    7. Implementation of Programs and Lessons from Experience
    8. Research and Development Agenda
    9. Conclusions
  55. 59. Adolescent Health Programs
    1. Interventions
    2. Costs and Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions
    3. Economic Analysis
    4. Research and Development Agenda
    5. Conclusions
  56. 60. Occupational Health
    1. Interventions
    2. Economic Aspects of Intervention
    3. Implementation
    4. Research Agenda
  57. 61. Natural Disaster Mitigation and Relief
    1. Implementation of Control Strategies: Lessons of Experience and Challenges Faced
    2. The Research and Development Agenda
    3. Conclusions
    4. Acknowledgments
  58. 63. Integrated Management of the Sick Child
    1. Nature, Causes, and Burden of Child Mortality
    2. Policy Shift to Integrated Management
    3. Interventions
    4. Intervention Cost and Cost-Effectiveness
    5. Implementation of Programs: Lessons of Experience
    6. The Research and Development Agenda
    7. Conclusions: Promises and Pitfalls
    8. Acknowledgments
  59. 64. General Primary Care
    1. The Scope of General Primary Care Practice
    2. The Effectiveness of General Primary Care
    3. The Cost-Effectiveness of Primary Care Interventions
    4. Scaling Up
    5. A Research and Development Agenda for General Primary Care
    6. Conclusions
    7. Acknowledgments
  60. 65. The District Hospital
    1. Definitions, Basic Concepts, and Framework
    2. Economics of District Hospitals: A Summary of Reported Experience
    3. Effecting Change with Cross-Cutting Interventions
    4. The Future: Research and Information Needs
  61. 66. Referral Hospitals
    1. Functions and Benefits
    2. Current Balance of Care in Practice
    3. Getting Better Value for Money from the Hospital System
  62. 67. Surgery
    1. Nature, Causes, and Burden of Surgical Conditions
    2. Interventions
    3. Costs and Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions
    4. Research and Development Agenda
    5. Conclusions
  63. 68. Emergency Medical Services
    1. Implementation of Control Strategies: Lessons of Experience
    2. The Research and Development Agenda
    3. Conclusions: Promises and Pitfalls
    4. Definitions
    5. Burden of Disease
  64. 69. Complementary and Alternative Medicine
    1. Definitions and Domains of Complementary and Alternative Medicine and Traditional Medicine
    2. Demography, Use, Toxicity, and Efficacy
    3. Economics of Complementary and Alternative Medicine and Traditional Medicine
    4. Expanding the Beneficial Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine and Traditional Medicine
    5. Lessons Learned and Implementation
    6. The Research and Development Agenda
  65. 70. Improving the Quality of Care in Developing Countries
    1. Policy Interventions to Improve Quality
    2. Economic Benefits and Costs of Quality Care
    3. Conclusion
  66. 71. Health Workers: Building and Motivating the Workforce
    1. Health Care Provision and Associated Human Resource Needs
    2. Health Care Staff
    3. Health Worker Incentives
    4. Advice for Governments
    5. Research and Development Agenda
  67. 72. Ensuring Supplies of Appropriate Drugs and Vaccines
    1. Drug Policies
    2. Vaccine Policies
    3. Selection of Drugs
    4. Selection of Vaccines
    5. Procurement of Drugs
    6. Procurement of Vaccines
    7. Quality Assurance for Pharmaceuticals and Vaccines
    8. The WHO Prequalification Schemes
    9. Local Production of Pharmaceuticals
    10. Storage and Distribution of Essential Drugs and Vaccines
    11. Prescription and Rational Use of Drugs
    12. Dispensing
    13. Adherence
    14. Financing Issues
    15. Sustainable Financing of Vaccines and Immunizations
    16. Vaccine Research Priorities
    17. Priorities for Pharmaceutical Research
    18. Conclusion
Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors
  1. 1. Measuring the Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors, 1990—2001
  2. 4. Comparative Quantification of Mortality and Burden of Disease Attributable to Selected Risk Factors
    1. Risk Factor Selection
    2. Burden of Disease Attributable to Individual Risk Factors
    3. Joint Effects of Multiple Risk Factors
    4. Directions for Future Research
    5. Discussion
Priorities in Health
  1. 1. Accomplishments, Challenges, and Priorities
  2. 7. Pillars of the Health System
    1. Information, Surveillance, and Research
    2. Human Resources
    3. Financing
  3. 8. The Way Forward: A Blueprint for Action

Chapter Presentations

Chapter 04. Priorities for Global Research and Development of Interventions
  1. Select Health Research and Development Best Buys
Chapter 05. Science and Technology for Disease Control: Past, Present, and Future
  1. Estimated Funding for Global Health Research and Development, 1998
Chapter 06. Product Development Priorities
  1. Product Development for HIV/AIDS and TB, Public-Private Partnerships, 2004
  2. Product Development for Tropical Diseases, Public-Private Partnerships, 2004
  3. Number of Products in Development, Public-Private Partnerships Portfolios, 2004
Chapter 45. The Growing Burden of Risk from High Blood Pressure, Cholesterol, and Bodyweight
  1. Estimates of Cost-effectiveness of a Polypill for Cardiovascular Disease, By Region
  2. Estimates of Cost-effectiveness of a Polypill for Cardiovascular Disease in India

Conference and Workshop Presentations

  1. Oct 2006, Health Priorities At The Beginning of The Millennium: A New Assessment of The Global Burden of Disease, Injuries And Risk Factors, Cairo, Egypt (PDF | 251.6k)
  2. Apr 2006, Infectious Diseases And The Disease Control Priorities Project, Alexandria, Egypt (PDF | 307.0k)
  3. May 2006, Investing in Global Health: Priorities for Action in Developing Countries, Stockholm, Sweden (PDF | 1.4MB)
  4. Apr 2006, Opportunities And Challenges For Biomedical Research In China: Enhancing Capacity Building For Disease Control And Prevention, Beijing, China (PDF | 2.6MB)
  5. Jun 2007, The Impact of dcp2.org: Not Bad, But Now What?, Bethesda, MD, USA (PDF | 362.8k)

News & Events

News
no current results
Events
  1. Dec 7, 2008: 2nd Vaccine Global Congress
  2. Oct 29, 2006: Global Health Forum for Health Research
  3. Mar 19, 2007: World Vaccine Conference 2007
 

Resources

Related Analysis
  1. Alcohol, Addiction, and Public Health (PDF | 593.7k)
  2. An International Review of Cost-Effectiveness Studies for Mental Disorders (PDF | 810.2k)
  3. An International Review of the Economic Costs of Mental Illness (PDF | 136.3k)
  4. At Least One-Third of Poor Countries - Disease Burden Is Due To Malnutrition (PDF | 4.3MB)
  5. Cost-Effectiveness of a Pediatric Dengue Vaccine (PDF | 252.3k)
  6. Do Malaria Control Interventions Reach the Poor?: A View Through the Equity Lens (PDF | 1.5MB)
  7. Health's Contribution to Economic Growth in an Environment of Partially Endogenous Technical Progress (PDF | 370.0k)
  8. Mental Health and Labor Markets Productivity Loss and Restoration (PDF | 664.5k)
  9. Modeling the Cost Effectiveness of Injury Interventions in Lower and Middle Income Countries: Opportunities and Challenges (PDF | 501.7k)
  10. Progress in the Development of a Recombinant Vaccine for Human Hookworm Disease: The Human Hookworm Vaccine Initiative (PDF | 403.6k)
  11. Public Management and the Essential Public Health Functions (PDF | 312.3k)
  12. Science and Technology for Disease Control: Past, Present, and Future (PDF | 280.5k)
  13. Soil-Transmitted Helminthic Infections: Updating the Global Picture (PDF | 678.6k)
  14. The Global Burden of Disease Due to Schistosomiasis (PDF | 346.6k)
  15. The Implications of Technology Change for Health Care Delivery in Sri Lanka (PDF | 188.0k)
  16. Unit Costs of Health Care Inputs in Low and Middle Income Regions (PDF | 1.2MB)
  17. Why Has Infant Mortality Decreased at Such Different Rates in Different Countries? (PDF | 413.5k)
Fact Sheets
  1. Unleashing Science and Technology for Disease Control: A Global Perspective Would Benefit Developing Countries (PDF | 285.0k)
 

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