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Policy and Systems
A health system is more than a mix of facilities and medical consultations. It is a structure within which people, institutions, and organizations interact to mobilize and allocate resources for preventing and treating diseases and injuries. Such a structure must rest on ethical foundations designed to guide resource allocation, research, and new product development in ways consistent with provision of care that is equitable, accessible, and cost-effective.
The infrastructure built on this ethical foundation requires a number of elements to effectively deliver necessary services. Health systems need to refine expenditure allocations and targeting, improve policies toward households, enhance health service delivery, and strengthen core public health functions. A valuable tool for decision makers in this process is the use of surveillance to directly measure the need for and effects of interventions. Strengthening health systems now will make interventions more cost-effective, and fostering knowledge in basic and applied science and management will help these systems better prepare for the future.
The infrastructure built on this ethical foundation requires a number of elements to effectively deliver necessary services. Health systems need to refine expenditure allocations and targeting, improve policies toward households, enhance health service delivery, and strengthen core public health functions. A valuable tool for decision makers in this process is the use of surveillance to directly measure the need for and effects of interventions. Strengthening health systems now will make interventions more cost-effective, and fostering knowledge in basic and applied science and management will help these systems better prepare for the future.
Sub-topics
Find more specific references for the following sub-topic(s):Publications
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Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries (2nd Edition)
- 25. Acute Respiratory Infections in Children
- 59. Adolescent Health Programs
- 43. Air and Water Pollution: Burden and Strategies for Control
- 47. Alcohol
- 33. Cardiovascular Disease
- 56. Community Health and Nutrition Programs
- 69. Complementary and Alternative Medicine
- 57. Contraception
- 62. Control and Eradication
- 15. Cost–Effectiveness Analysis for Priority Setting
- 51. Cost–Effectiveness of Interventions for Musculoskeletal Conditions
- 30. Diabetes: The Pandemic and Potential Solutions
- 19. Diarrheal Diseases
- 36. Diseases of the Kidney and the Urinary System
- 55. Drug Resistance
- 7. Economic Approaches to Valuing Global Health Research
- 68. Emergency Medical Services
- 72. Ensuring Supplies of Appropriate Drugs and Vaccines
- 14. Ethical Issues in Resource Allocation, Research, and New Product Development
- 12. Financing Health Systems in the 21st Century
- 11. Fiscal Policies for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
- 10. Gender Differentials in Health
- 64. General Primary Care
- 29. Health Service Interventions for Cancer Control in Developing Countries
- 71. Health Workers: Building and Motivating the Workforce
- 24. Helminth Infections: Soil–Transmitted Helminth Infections and Schistosomiasis
- 18. HIV/AIDS Prevention and Treatment
- 48. Illicit Opiate Abuse
- 8. Improving the Health of Populations: Lessons of Experience
- 70. Improving the Quality of Care in Developing Countries
- 42. Indoor Air Pollution
- 54. Information to Improve Decision Making for Health
- 34. Inherited Disorders of Hemoglobin
- 63. Integrated Management of the Sick Child
- 40. Interpersonal Violence
- 2. Intervention Cost–Effectiveness: Overview of Main Messages
- 1. Investing in Health
- 49. Learning and Developmental Disabilities
- 50. Loss of Vision and Hearing
- 26. Maternal and Perinatal Conditions
- 31. Mental Disorders
- 9. Millennium Development Goals for Health: What Will It Take to Accelerate Progress?
- 61. Natural Disaster Mitigation and Relief
- 27. Newborn Survival
- 60. Occupational Health
- 52. Pain Control for People with Cancer and AIDS
- 44. Prevention of Chronic Disease by Means of Diet and Lifestyle Changes
- 4. Priorities for Global Research and Development of Interventions
- 6. Product Development Priorities
- 53. Public Health Surveillance: A Tool for Targeting and Monitoring Intervention
- 13. Recent Trends and Innovations in Development Assistance for Health
- 66. Referral Hospitals
- 35. Respiratory Diseases of Adults
- 58. School–Based Health and Nutrition Programs
- 5. Science and Technology for Disease Control: Past, Present, and Future
- 17. Sexually Transmitted Infections
- 37. Skin Diseases
- 73. Strategic Management of Clinical Services
- 3. Strengthening Health Systems
- 67. Surgery
- 65. The District Hospital
- 45. The Growing Burden of Risk from High Blood Pressure, Cholesterol, and Bodyweight
- 46. Tobacco Addiction
- 23. Tropical Diseases Lacking Adequate Control Measures: Dengue, Leishmaniasis, and African Trypanosomiasis
- 22. Tropical Diseases Targeted for Elimination: Chagas Disease, Lymphatic Filariasis, Onchocerciasis, and Leprosy
- 16. Tuberculosis
- 39. Unintentional Injuries
- 20. Vaccine–Preventable Diseases
- 41. Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene Promotion
Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors
- 4. Comparative Quantification of Mortality and Burden of Disease Attributable to Selected Risk Factors
- 2. Demographic and Epidemiological Characteristics of Major Regions, 1990—2001
- 6. Incorporating Deaths Near the Time of Birth into Estimates of the Global Burden of Disease
- 1. Measuring the Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors, 1990—2001
- 5. Sensitivity and Uncertainty Analyses for Burden of Disease and Risk Factor Estimates
- 3. The Burden of Disease and Mortality by Condition: Data, Methods, and Results for 2001
Priorities in Health
- 1. Accomplishments, Challenges, and Priorities
- 5. Cost–Effective Strategies for Noncommunicable Diseases, Risk Factors, and Behaviors
- 4. Cost–Effective Strategies for the Excess Burden of Disease in Developing Countries
- 3. Cost–Effectiveness Analysis
- 7. Pillars of the Health System
- 6. Providing Interventions
- 2. Success in Addressing Priorities
- 8. The Way Forward: A Blueprint for Action
Chapter Presentations
Chapter 03. Strengthening Health Systems
- Constraints on Improving Access to Health Interventions, By Level
- Health Sector Constraints to Improving Access to Health Interventions
- Public Policy Constraints to Improving Access to Health Interventions
- Environmental and Contextual Constraints to Improving Access to Health Interventions
- Health System Constraints and Possible Disease-Specific and Health System Responses
Chapter 01. Investing in Health
Chapter 09. Millennium Development Goals for Health: What Will It Take to Accelerate Progress?
- Effective Interventions to Achieve the Nutrition MDG
- Effective Interventions to Achieve the Maternal Mortality MDG
- Effective Interventions to Achieve the Child Mortality MDG
- Effective Interventions to Achieve the HIV/AIDS MDG
- Effective Interventions to Achieve the Tuberculosis MDG
- Effective Interventions to Achieve the Malaria MDG
Chapter 12. Financing Health Systems in the 21st Century
- Achieving Universal Health Coverage in Middle-Income Countries
- Achieving Universal Health Coverage in Middle-Income Countries
Chapter 44. Prevention of Chronic Disease by Means of Diet and Lifestyle Changes
Chapter 41. Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene Promotion
- Median Construction Cost of Water Supply Facilities for Select Regions
- Median Construction Cost of Sanitation Technologies in Select Regions
- Cost-effectiveness of Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene Promotion
Chapter 54. Information to Improve Decision Making for Health
Conference and Workshop Presentations
- Apr 2006, Assessing The Global Burden of Risk Factors: History And Results For 2001 , Beijing, China (PDF | 211.0k)
- Jun 2008, Closing the Funding Gap using Domestic Financing Mechanisms, Juba, Southern Sudan (PDF | 138.7k)
- Jun 2008, Cross-sectoral School-Based Health Programs, Washington, DC, USA (PDF | 374.2k)
- Jun 2006, Disease Control Priorities In Developing Countries , Rome, Italy (PDF | 1.1MB)
- Feb 2008, Disease Prevention and Control: An Evidence Based Strategy for Health Policy & Programs , Victoria, Mahe, Seychelles (PDF | 233.5k)
- Apr 2006, HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care , Beijing, China (PDF | 476.5k)
- May 2006, Improving The Quality of Care In Developing Countries , Washington, DC, USA (PDF | 150.1k)
- May 2006, Investing in Global Health: Priorities for Action in Developing Countries, Stockholm, Sweden (PDF | 1.4MB)
- Jun 2007, Malaria and its Impact on Maternal, Perinatal, and Child Health, Accra, Ghana (PDF | 618.1k)
- Jul 2006, Maternal and Perinatal Conditions, Arusha, Tanzania (PDF | 179.5k)
- Jun 2007, New Developments in China's Healthcare Services, Bethesda, MD, USA (PDF | 150.9k)
- Oct 2007, Priority Interventions for Meeting the Challenge of Injuries, Moscow, Russian Federation (PDF | 300.6k)
- Nov 2007, Public Policy for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases, Washington, DC, USA (PDF | 662.7k)
- Jul 2006, Regional Burden of Disease and Risk Factors, Arusha, Tanzania (PDF | 246.2k)
News & Events
News
Events
- May 30, 2006: 33rd Annual International Conference on Global Health
- Feb 25, 2008: 46th Annual East, Central, and Southern African Health Ministers' Conference
- Apr 2, 2006: Disease Control Priorities Project Launch
Resources
Related Analysis
Fact Sheets
- Improving Quality of Clinical Care (PDF | 292.4k)
- Une tragédie évitable : Les décès maternels et néonatals en Afrique de l'ouest (PDF | 11.1MB)
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