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Policy and Systems
A health system is more than a mix of facilities and medical consultations. It is a structure within which people, institutions, and organizations interact to mobilize and allocate resources for preventing and treating diseases and injuries. Such a structure must rest on ethical foundations designed to guide resource allocation, research, and new product development in ways consistent with provision of care that is equitable, accessible, and cost-effective.
The infrastructure built on this ethical foundation requires a number of elements to effectively deliver necessary services. Health systems need to refine expenditure allocations and targeting, improve policies toward households, enhance health service delivery, and strengthen core public health functions. A valuable tool for decision makers in this process is the use of surveillance to directly measure the need for and effects of interventions. Strengthening health systems now will make interventions more cost-effective, and fostering knowledge in basic and applied science and management will help these systems better prepare for the future.
The infrastructure built on this ethical foundation requires a number of elements to effectively deliver necessary services. Health systems need to refine expenditure allocations and targeting, improve policies toward households, enhance health service delivery, and strengthen core public health functions. A valuable tool for decision makers in this process is the use of surveillance to directly measure the need for and effects of interventions. Strengthening health systems now will make interventions more cost-effective, and fostering knowledge in basic and applied science and management will help these systems better prepare for the future.
Sub-topics
Find more specific references for the following sub-topic(s):Publications
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Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries (2nd Edition)
- 1. Investing in Health
- 2. Intervention Cost–Effectiveness: Overview of Main Messages
- 3. Strengthening Health Systems
- 4. Priorities for Global Research and Development of Interventions
- 5. Science and Technology for Disease Control: Past, Present, and Future
- 6. Product Development Priorities
- 7. Economic Approaches to Valuing Global Health Research
- 8. Improving the Health of Populations: Lessons of Experience
- 9. Millennium Development Goals for Health: What Will It Take to Accelerate Progress?
- 10. Gender Differentials in Health
- 11. Fiscal Policies for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
- 12. Financing Health Systems in the 21st Century
- 13. Recent Trends and Innovations in Development Assistance for Health
- 14. Ethical Issues in Resource Allocation, Research, and New Product Development
- 15. Cost–Effectiveness Analysis for Priority Setting
- 16. Tuberculosis
- 17. Sexually Transmitted Infections
- 18. HIV/AIDS Prevention and Treatment
- 19. Diarrheal Diseases
- 20. Vaccine–Preventable Diseases
- 22. Tropical Diseases Targeted for Elimination: Chagas Disease, Lymphatic Filariasis, Onchocerciasis, and Leprosy
- 23. Tropical Diseases Lacking Adequate Control Measures: Dengue, Leishmaniasis, and African Trypanosomiasis
- 24. Helminth Infections: Soil–Transmitted Helminth Infections and Schistosomiasis
- 25. Acute Respiratory Infections in Children
- 26. Maternal and Perinatal Conditions
- 27. Newborn Survival
- 29. Health Service Interventions for Cancer Control in Developing Countries
- 30. Diabetes: The Pandemic and Potential Solutions
- 31. Mental Disorders
- 33. Cardiovascular Disease
- 34. Inherited Disorders of Hemoglobin
- 35. Respiratory Diseases of Adults
- 36. Diseases of the Kidney and the Urinary System
- 37. Skin Diseases
- 39. Unintentional Injuries
- 40. Interpersonal Violence
- 41. Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene Promotion
- 42. Indoor Air Pollution
- 43. Air and Water Pollution: Burden and Strategies for Control
- 44. Prevention of Chronic Disease by Means of Diet and Lifestyle Changes
- 45. The Growing Burden of Risk from High Blood Pressure, Cholesterol, and Bodyweight
- 46. Tobacco Addiction
- 47. Alcohol
- 48. Illicit Opiate Abuse
- 49. Learning and Developmental Disabilities
- 50. Loss of Vision and Hearing
- 51. Cost–Effectiveness of Interventions for Musculoskeletal Conditions
- 52. Pain Control for People with Cancer and AIDS
- 53. Public Health Surveillance: A Tool for Targeting and Monitoring Intervention
- 54. Information to Improve Decision Making for Health
- 55. Drug Resistance
- 56. Community Health and Nutrition Programs
- 57. Contraception
- 58. School–Based Health and Nutrition Programs
- 59. Adolescent Health Programs
- 60. Occupational Health
- 61. Natural Disaster Mitigation and Relief
- 62. Control and Eradication
- 63. Integrated Management of the Sick Child
- 64. General Primary Care
- 65. The District Hospital
- 66. Referral Hospitals
- 67. Surgery
- 68. Emergency Medical Services
- 69. Complementary and Alternative Medicine
- 70. Improving the Quality of Care in Developing Countries
- 71. Health Workers: Building and Motivating the Workforce
- 72. Ensuring Supplies of Appropriate Drugs and Vaccines
- 73. Strategic Management of Clinical Services
Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors
- 1. Measuring the Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors, 1990—2001
- 2. Demographic and Epidemiological Characteristics of Major Regions, 1990—2001
- 3. The Burden of Disease and Mortality by Condition: Data, Methods, and Results for 2001
- 4. Comparative Quantification of Mortality and Burden of Disease Attributable to Selected Risk Factors
- 5. Sensitivity and Uncertainty Analyses for Burden of Disease and Risk Factor Estimates
- 6. Incorporating Deaths Near the Time of Birth into Estimates of the Global Burden of Disease
Priorities in Health
- 1. Accomplishments, Challenges, and Priorities
- 2. Success in Addressing Priorities
- 3. Cost–Effectiveness Analysis
- 4. Cost–Effective Strategies for the Excess Burden of Disease in Developing Countries
- 5. Cost–Effective Strategies for Noncommunicable Diseases, Risk Factors, and Behaviors
- 6. Providing Interventions
- 7. Pillars of the Health System
- 8. The Way Forward: A Blueprint for Action
Chapter Presentations
Chapter 03. Strengthening Health Systems
- Constraints on Improving Access to Health Interventions, By Level
- Health Sector Constraints to Improving Access to Health Interventions
- Public Policy Constraints to Improving Access to Health Interventions
- Environmental and Contextual Constraints to Improving Access to Health Interventions
- Health System Constraints and Possible Disease-Specific and Health System Responses
Chapter 01. Investing in Health
Chapter 09. Millennium Development Goals for Health: What Will It Take to Accelerate Progress?
- Effective Interventions to Achieve the Nutrition MDG
- Effective Interventions to Achieve the Maternal Mortality MDG
- Effective Interventions to Achieve the Child Mortality MDG
- Effective Interventions to Achieve the HIV/AIDS MDG
- Effective Interventions to Achieve the Tuberculosis MDG
- Effective Interventions to Achieve the Malaria MDG
Chapter 12. Financing Health Systems in the 21st Century
- Achieving Universal Health Coverage in Middle-Income Countries
- Achieving Universal Health Coverage in Middle-Income Countries
Chapter 44. Prevention of Chronic Disease by Means of Diet and Lifestyle Changes
Chapter 41. Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene Promotion
- Median Construction Cost of Water Supply Facilities for Select Regions
- Median Construction Cost of Sanitation Technologies in Select Regions
- Cost-effectiveness of Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene Promotion
Chapter 54. Information to Improve Decision Making for Health
Conference and Workshop Presentations
- Apr 2006, Assessing The Global Burden of Risk Factors: History And Results For 2001 , Beijing, China (PDF | 211.0k)
- Jun 2006, Disease Control Priorities In Developing Countries , Rome, Italy (PDF | 1.1MB)
- Feb 2008, Disease Prevention and Control: An Evidence Based Strategy for Health Policy & Programs , Victoria, Mahe, Seychelles (PDF | 233.5k)
- Apr 2006, HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care , Beijing, China (PDF | 476.5k)
- May 2006, Improving The Quality Of Care In Developing Countries , Washington, DC, USA (PDF | 150.1k)
- May 2006, Investing in Global Health: Priorities for Action in Developing Countries, Stockholm, Sweden (PDF | 1.4MB)
- Jun 2007, Malaria and its Impact on Maternal, Perinatal, and Child Health, Accra, Ghana (PDF | 618.1k)
- Jul 2006, Maternal and Perinatal Conditions, Arusha, Tanzania (PDF | 179.5k)
- Jun 2007, New Developments in China's Healthcare Services, Bethesda, MD, USA (PDF | 150.9k)
- Oct 2007, Priority Interventions for Meeting the Challenge of Injuries, Moscow, Russian Federation (PDF | 300.6k)
- Nov 2007, Public Policy for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases, Washington, DC, USA (PDF | 662.7k)
- Jul 2006, Regional Burden of Disease and Risk Factors, Arusha, Tanzania (PDF | 246.2k)
News & Events
News
Events
- May 30, 2006: 33rd Annual International Conference on Global Health
- Feb 25, 2008: 46th Annual East, Central, and Southern African Health Ministers' Conference
- Apr 2, 2006: Disease Control Priorities Project Launch
Resources
Related Analysis
Fact Sheets
- Improving Quality of Clinical Care (PDF | 292.4k)
- Une tragédie évitable : Les décès maternels et néonatals en Afrique de l'ouest (PDF | 11.1MB)
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